Refried Beans (Frijoles Refritos)

1/2 cup lard or vegetable oil
2 cups Boiled Pinto Beans or Beans from the Pot
2 tablespoons chile powder
1 tablespoon ground cumin
1 teaspoon salt
1/8 teaspoon pepper

Heat lard in a skillet over medium heat until hot. Add pinto beans; cook for 5 minutes, stirring occasionally. Mash beans, then stir in remaining ingredients. Add oil to skillet if necessary. Cook and stir until a smooth paste forms, about 5 minutes.

Garnish with shredded cheese, if desired.